melon fruit fly life cycle

The life cycle takes about 2.5 weeks during summer. Avoids large fruit, where the peel becomes dense. •The maggots pollute and destroy fruit by feeding on pulp. Adults are active throughout the year in climates where temperatures exceed about 15oC. Biology: The life cycle and biology of peach fruit fly are generally similar to those of its tropical relatives. The adult flies congregate on foliage and fruit to feed on bacterial colonies and later to mate. Microscopic footage showing fruit fly anatomy and its life-cycle. Melons originate from Africa and southwestern parts of Asia. The pupal stage lasts about 10 days. After they become widely spread and popular in Europe, melons were introduced to America by the Spanish settlers during the 15th and 16th century. Maggots have been found in over 125 kinds of fruit and vegetables in Hawaii alone. After introduction, it can easily disperse due to its high reproductive potential, high biotic potential (short life cycle of 3-5 weeks, up to 10 generations of offspring per year), and a rapid dispersal ability. Daily hoeing caused maximum pupal mortality (87.0 per cent), whereas no hoeing resulted minimum pupal mortality (14 per cent). El-Sabah B, Fetoh A, Afia YI, 2004. Lack of access to water led to sudden death of the flies. She can lay up to 500 eggs, making it difficult to control the population. Yellow and green coloured traps attracted significantly high number of B. cucurbitae in cucumber. Pre-oviposition and oviposition period ranged between 10-15 and 12-28 days during July to August respectively. The fecundity and mean of female varied between 58-92 eggs, while as mean hatching percentage was 86.1± 0.54. Studies on biology of melon fruit fly, B. cucurbitae (Coquillett) revealed that the average duration of incubation, maggot, prepupal and pupal period varied between 16.8±6.19 hours, 4.5±1.13, 0.8±0.25 and 8.4±0.51 days, respectively. bitter gourd, bottle gourd and watermelon. Yellow and green sticky traps attracted significantly high number of B. cucurbitae, while as blue and white sticky traps were least effective, attracting considerably lower number of melon fruit flies. A major route by which this pest may spread in trade or transport is through eggs and larvae hidden in fruiting bodies. The mean length and breadth of the egg was 1.13±0.14 and 0.28±0.05 mm. The number of eggs found at any time in the reproductive organs is no indication of the total number of eggs an individual female is capable of depo… The length of time required for the medfly to complete its life cycle under typical Florida summer weather conditions, and on which eradication schedules in Florida are based, is 21 to 30 days. Maximum mortality (89.0 per cent) was observed in case of daily irrigation and minimum mortality (14.0 per cent) was recorded when no irrigation was provided. HOW TO USE • Open Lure Packet • Tie the Lure with wire Quiz & Test series For ICAR, NABARD, AFO etc. ... debris, faeces, dead animal bodies, and even other insects, dead or alive. •Host plant : musk melon and other cucurbits & also found tomato, chillis, guava, citrus, pear, fig, cauliflower etc. During the hot and dry season, the flies take shelter under humid and shady places and feed on honeydew of aphids infesting the fruit trees. Larval feeding damage in fruits is the most damaging. Female flies need protein to develop eggs. Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique d'Egypte, 54:231-241. Bio-decomposer technique will curb stubble burning pollution, NSCL Management Trainee (Production) Solved Paper 2019. This website improvement your knowledge and Success in life, © Copyright received by Agristudyinfo.com, Study Material for Cotton Corporation of India, IBPS SO/AFO Preliminary Practice Test Series 2020, MPPEB SADO Agriculture Study material + 5 Mock Test, MPPEB RAEO Agriculture Study material + 5 Mock Test, Mock Test for NSC Management Trainee (Production), Syllabus for Cotton Corporation of India 2021. Life cycle Damage •The maggots pollute and destroy fruit by feeding on pulp. These eggs hatch into larvae, or maggots, which tunnel through the fl esh of the fruit or other plant part. The first and second instar maggot measured on an average 1.49±0.28 and 6.40±0.86 mm in length and 0.31±0.07 and 1.21±0.09 mm in breadth, respectively. The lower developmental threshold for melon fruit fly was recorded as 8.1° C (Keck, 1951). Life cycle Melon flies are active throughout the year. Female fruit flies lay eggs under skin of host fruits and can lay more than a thousand eggs. The melon fly puparium was found to be barrel shaped, eleven segmented and measured on an average 5.72±0.13 and 2.46±0.11 mm in length and breadth. During the severe winter months, they hide and huddle together under dried leaves of bushes and trees. During the hot and dry season, the flies take shelter under humid and shady places and feed on honeydew of aphids infesting the fruit trees. Melon fly may also lay eggs in flower buds and stems. Results clearly indicated that traps once charged with plywood, straw board, and acacia blocks impregnated with cue-lure or methyl eugenol can be run effectively for longer periods in attracting B. cucurbitae and B. dorsalis. After several molting processes, they drop from the fruit and burrow into the soil to pupate. The lower and upper developmental thresholds for eggs were 11.4 and 36.4° C (Messenger and Flitters, … Understanding the fruit fly lifecycle provides many clues as to the best way to manage these damaging pests Maggots do the damage in many hosts but, as noted above, their presence in a rot does not always mean that they were the cause (Photo 1). Life Cycle The melon fruit fly remains active throughout the year on one or the other host. Mature attacked fruits develop a water soaked appearance. 2) Feeding by the larvae. Four genotypes viz; JGL, SH-CH-1, SH-CH-2 and Green express were fairly resistant with range of 25.8-37.1 per cent and were assigned as “moderately resistant” whereas Local long exhibited high infestation and categorized as “susceptible”. Studies on biology of melon fruit fly, B. cucurbitae (Coquillett) revealed that the average duration of incubation, maggot, prepupal and pupal period varied between 16.8±6.19 hours, 4.5±1.13, 0.8±0.25 and 8.4±0.51 days, respectively. Several biotic factors limit the production and productivity of cucurbits, of which the cucurbit fruit fly, Bactrocera cu-curbitae (Coquillett) (Diptera: Tephritidae), has been the most prominent pest. Eggs are laid in flowers and fruit, or succulent plant stems or roots In fruit, the punctures or stings in the skin can also deposit fruit decaying bacteria in … The data on per cent fruit damage (number and weight basis) revealed that Neem Seed Kernel Extract (NSKE) @ 0.5% was significantly superior over attractant and control in reducing the per cent fruit infestation by B. cucurbitae. 3) Decomposition of plant tissue by invading secondary microorganisms The life cycle from egg to adult requires 14-27 days. Life Cycle of the Fruit Fly. •Spray 50 ml of malathion 50EC + 0.5 kg of gur/suger in 50 l. of water/ha when serious attack. Eggs can also be laid into flowers, stems as well as exposed roots. Life Cycle The female lays eggs under the skin of the fruit of the host plant. Oriental fruit fly has been established in Hawaii since 1946 where it is a major pest of agriculture, particularly on mangoes, avocados and papayas. Life Cycle. The fly life cycle starts from the egg, to the larva, pupa and finally the adult. The melon fly is native to India, and is distributed throughout most parts of the country. Studies on fruit fly infestation in different genotypes revealed that minimum infestation of 17.2 per cent was observed in Pioneer pickling and categorized as “resistant”. Comparative biology of melon fruit fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae in different cucurbitaceous crops Patel NM and Patel KA Abstract Laboratory studies were conducted to study the comparative biology of fruit fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae in different cucurbitaceous crops viz. Sex ratio in B. cucurbitae was recorded as 0.95:1.25 (Male:Female). Papayas grown in Hawaii are infested with four species of fruit flies: the Oriental fruit fly (Dacus dorsalis), the Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata), the melon fly (Dacus cucurbitae), and the Malaysian fruit fly (Bactrocera latifrons). Life Cycle of Fruit Flies No matter where in the U.S. you live, fruit flies can show up on your kitchen counters or inside your trash can. Symptoms & Life Cycle. click here.. Download Pdf During the severe winter months, they hide and huddle together under dried leaves of bushes and trees. The mean Pre-oviposition period13.5±1.5 and oviposition period 18.0±6 days while, mean mating period (3±1hrs), fecundity 80.0±20 eggs/life cycle and incubation period of eggs varied from 1.25±0.25 days was observed of cucurbit fruit fly. Its closest relatives are squashes and cucumbers. •Other cucurbitaceous infested up to 50 % . 2004). Maggots hatch from the eggs and tunnel through the fruit, feeding on the pulp. The mature larva emerges from the fruit, drops to the ground, and forms a tan to dark brown puparium. •Damage caused serious in melon and after the first shower of the momsoon. Morphometric measurements of life stages of B. cucurbitae revealed that freshly laid eggs were glistening white, slightly curved, elongated and tapering at one end while rounded at the other end. Melon Fruit Fly; Scientific Name: Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillet) Order and Family: Diptera, Tephritidae; Lure: Cuelure ; Description. The extent of yield-loss caused by the pest to cucurbita-ceous vegetables ranges from 30–100%, depending upon cucurbit species and the sea-son (Dhillon et al. During the hot and dry season, the flies take shelter under humid and shady places and feed on honeydew of aphids infesting the fruit trees. Maggots feed inside the fruits, but at times also f… During the severe winter months, they hide and huddle together under dried leaves of bushes and trees. Parasitize melon flies from early June to October. Note that at this stage of the life cycle you are unlikely to be able to recognise the presence of fruit fly eggs in your fruit as the eggs are very small. Longevity of melon fly adults was enhanced to 30-52 days for males and 30-60 days for females when fed with water, molasses and honey as well as on water, molasses and proteinex. Melon fly females lay more than 1000 eggs, and live for about 5 months, longer than the other species. Development time, longevity and reproduction rate are all variable depending on temperature, feeding resources and host plant availability. Development from egg to adult under summer conditions requires about 16 days. Agriculture Objective Questions for NSC, IFFCO, ICAR, BHU, etc. Life Cycle Fruit Fly. Illegal movement of fruit is a major risk for invasion of fruit flies elsewhere. moving up to 200 km. The melon fruit fly remains active throughout the year on one or the other host. It is an important fruit fly, destroying crops of pumpkin and snake gourd. Pre-oviposition and oviposition period ranged between 10-15 and 12-28 days during July to August respectively. Within 2-4 days, … These bacterial colonies are more plentiful under humid conditions. Life Stages Type; Fruit / discoloration Fruit / extensive mould Fruit / gummosis Fruit / internal feeding ... Studies on the biology of the melon fruit fly, Dacus ciliatus Loew (Diptera:Trypanaeidae). •Other cucurbitaceous infested up to 50 %. The eggs hatch into larvae inside the fruit after a few days (2-4 days). The present studies entitled “Biology and management of melon fruit fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae on cucumber” were carried out at Central Institute of Temperate Horticulture (CITH), Srinagar and Division of Entomology, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar during the two consecutive years 2012-13. Effect of cultural practices on pupal mortality of B. cucurbitae revealed maximum mortality (87.0 per cent) in clay soil, whereas minimum (17 per cent) in orchard soil. The female adult fly lays eggs (1-20) into the maturing and ripening fruit of the host plant. The full grown maggot was very mobile and measured 9.62±0.87 and 2.05±0.32 mm in length and breadth. Pupation occurs in the soil. 2005). The experiments under laboratory conditions revealed that B. cucurbitae completed three full generations per year, in addition to the 4th generation which extended only upto pupal stage only, and overwintered until emergence of adults in next year. The lowest number of maggots per fruit was observed in NSKE (0.5%) (4.5±0.86) as compared to untreated check (46.2±6.90), Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Kashmir, http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/92187, Maintained and  © Copyright 2017 ICAR-IARI, New Delhi . About nine days are required for attainment of sexual maturity after the adult fly emerges. The melon fruit fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is distributed widely in temperate, tropical, and sub-tropical regions of the world. 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