the battle of forks road

defensive position across the river from that fort, at Sugar Loaf. between the enemy and Wilmington would be difficult. John J. Hedrick, Capt. Also destroyed was the ironclad Wilmington, nearly completed at Beery’s Shipyard on Eagles Island across river from the city. MacRae was the father of Brigadier General William MacRae. Annals of Lincoln County, Wm Sherrill, Regional Publishing, 1937 of the river on February 19 by his subordinate, Brigadier General Johnson Hagood (future governor. Plan of the battle of Five Forks, Va., April 1st 1865 : fought by 5th Army corps Genl Warren. (Colonel Robert), Shaw's Negro regiment of 600 men advanced at a double, quick, but broke at the ditch of Wagner under the withering. Last Stand at Wilmington: The Battle of Forks Road General W. W. Kirkland, and the aforementioned Hagood. The Last Rays of Departing Hope, Chris Fonvielle, Savas Pub'g, 1997 However, Lee ordered Pickett to stop short of Hatcher's Run and hold the crossroads of Five Forks with his infantry division and three cavalry divisions. He did with reluctance accept, the appointment from Governor Vance as State Director, of the North Carolina Railroad and held that position for, a few years. 5:30 pm - 6:00 pm. / ï»¿ 37.13944°N 77.62278°W ï»¿ / 37.13944; -77.62278. Samuel Bunting, Corporal, Gabriel Boney, as well as soldiers of the Sampson Artillery, and Bladen Guards. New release! Written by North Carolina History Project. The Battle of Five Forks was fought on April 1, 1865. Wilmington-natives with Hagood's forces included Captains', John D. Taylor and Edward B. Dudley (Anderson Artillery), of the Thirty-Sixth NC Regiment; Lt. William Calder, adjutant, of First NC Battallion, Heavy Artillery; Lt. John Hampden, Hill of the Fortieth Regiment; Capt. Lee, and Maj. Gen Thomas Rosser to hold the vital crossroads of Five Forks, along the White Oak Road five miles â¦ "Five Forks" referred to the intersection of the White Oak Road, Scott's Road, Ford's (or Church) Road, and the Dinwiddie Court House Road. (Unabridged version originally posted at Cape Fear Historical Institute.). Civil War enthusiasts know this land as Forks Road, and for the battle fought there in February 20-21,1865. //dump($i); Also with Hagood's force were the remnants of Wilmingtonian, Major Alexander MacRae's 1st Battalion, North Carolina Heavy. The Forks at Barclay is a new home community in one of the best locations in Wilmington. General Hoke, for awhile operated the Cranberry Iron Works and was also, president of the North Carolina Home Insurance Company. The entire force was made up of North Carolina patriots except for the South Carolinians of Hagood’s brigade,and the Georgians of Colquitt’s. The Northern transport Thorn, one of twenty known to have been strategically placed to destroy invading enemy ships, exploded in the river after striking a submerged torpedo at Orton Cove. To deter a Northern naval advance up the Cape Fear River, Hoke used artillery batteries above Sugarloaf (Town Creek, Nine Mile, Eagle’s Island, Forts Meares, Campbell, Lee and Stokes), on both sides up to the city of Wilmington. Five Forks: The Final Hour. The Battle of Five Forks was fought on April 1, 1865, southwest of Petersburg, Virginia, around the road junction of Five Forks, Dinwiddie County, at the end of the Siege of Petersburg, near the conclusion of the American Civil War . The 54th Massachusetts was a black regiment led by, white northern officers, as were the black troops that assaulted. At Forks Road, the Northern gunboats were out of range and, could not effectively support the attack of the USCT, which helped, ensure the failure of the assault. Before evacuating Fort Anderson, General Hagood had held, on against an enemy with overwhelming strength, but his, position was compromised by black residents aiding the, enemy. On February 21, Hoke’s firmly entrenched lines at Forks Road stoutly resisted a series of additional assaults that sent the USCT fleeing back to safety of their trenches, and the shore batteries below Wilmington were still harassing any movements of enemy gunboats. Also near Hoke’s lines were the MacRae, and Parsley batteries, named for local patriots, and located, at Young’s Pond at the “extreme northeastern tip of. fire of the Charleston battalion and the 51st North Carolina, and, says Major Johnson, "rushed like a crowd of maniacs, back to the rear" (Defense of Charleston Harbor, page, 104). Drewry’s Bluff and in the repulse of Grant at Cold Harbor; and his division was again ordered to North Carolina in, December 1864. After the evacuation of Fort Anderson on the west side. by the enemy. . He was determined to create a strong defensive work before Wilmington to hold the city until Hardee arrived. General Strong. Subsequent to the fall of Fort Fisher on January 15, 1865, Northern forces began a cautious advance on the city of Wilmington from both sides of the Cape Fear River. The Battle of Forks Road began as a last effort by Confederate Maj. Gen. Robert Frederick Hoke to hold Wilmington, the Confederacyâs last major port city, from falling into â¦ Included are Hatcher's Run, the Appomattox River, Petersburg, Dinwiddie Court House, and the Carolinians, numbering about 900 men, under Colonel Devane. Hoke hoped to thwart this, and, was also aware that a Confederate force of 10,000 troops under, Lt. General William J. Hardee was fast approaching, He was determined to create a strong defensive work before. The battle took place Feb. 20-21, 1865, and was fought by the Union Army alongside the United States Colored Troops against the Confederate Army, states Dr. Chris Fonvielleâs book, âThe Wilmington Campaign: Last Rays of Departing Hope.â General Hoke was educated at Lincolnton. Hoke was subsequently promoted major and lieutenant. As a testament to the overwhelmed patriots bravery, a Northern, officer commented that the North Carolinians “stood their ground, to the last and did not surrender until the guns were taken. The History After the fall of Fort Fisher, Union forces began their advance toward the city of Wilmington from both sides of the Cape Fear. Hoke was resolutely holding his impregnable position in hopes that Hardee’s brigades would soon arrive. Hoke knew enemy strategy as he was in possession of a captured, order from Northern General Schofield that the ultimate goal was, to reach Goldsboro, and linking up with Sherman’s forces that, had been ravaging the Carolinas. With Ford's Road cut off and being pressed on the left and on the front, the Confederates made the first of several attempts to refuse the Union attack on the left and from the rear. The battle during the Civil War took place February 20-21, 1865 in Wilmington on the grounds where the Cameron Art Museum sits today. For his brilliant. On July 3, 1912, he died in Raleigh and was buried with military honors from, the Church of the Good Shepherd (Episcopal), The Wilmington Campaign, Mark A. Moore, Savas Publishing, 1999 ... Bragg's position not only blocked Cox's path but threatened a vital cross road and the New Bern-Goldsboro Railroad. Had it been completed before the assault, on Fort Fisher, the new ironclad would have made Northern. The Battle of Five Forks was fought on April 1, 1865, southwest of Petersburg, Virginia, around the road junction of Five Forks, Dinwiddie County, Virginia, during the end of the RichmondâPetersburg Campaign (sometimes called the Siege of Petersburg) and in the beginning stage of the Appomattox Campaign near the conclusion of the American Civil War. It was common by 1865 for US Colored Troops to be used in, support roles, or assault troops if white soldiers saw the potential. Elements of Union and Confederate armies fought the Battle of Forks Road, February 2-21, 1865, for possession of Wilmington, North Carolina, the South's main seaport and most important city. Subsequent to the fall of Fort Fisher on January 15, 1865, Northern forces began a cautious advance on the city. John J.] Despite Hagood’s defeat at Town Creek, making Hoke’s position at Forks Road increasingly untenable, Wilmington’s defenders defiantly floated mines downriver to surprise Northern gunboats; these mines killed several sailors and nearly sank the transport Osceola. The Battle of Caudine Forks, 321 BC, was a decisive event of the Second Samnite War.Its designation as a battle is a mere historical formality: there was no fighting and there were no casualties. More Information: The New Kentucky Park has a historical marker commemorating the decision of the "Fork in the Road". American Battlefield Trust's map of the Battle of Five Forks on April 1, 1865 In the spring of 1865, Lt. General Ulysses S. Grant had an opportunity to force Confederate General Robert E. Leeâs Army of Northern Virginia out of its entrenchments at Petersburg, Virginia, by threatening its last supply line, the South Side Railroad. Last Stand at Wilmington: The Battle of Forks Road [Chris E. Fonvielle Jr.] on Amazon.com. ", Two of General Strong's regiments had been effected, by the panic of the Negro regiment, and soon the, whole First brigade was routed. Late in the evening of the 20th, Hoke telegraphed the approaching Hardee that with his two brigades, Wilmington might be saved. Nor would a Northern naval advance up the Cape Fear River, be easy, Hoke had artillery batteries above Sugarloaf (Town. the Edenton Bell Battery of the 3rd North Carolina Artillery. Hoke was resolutely holding his impregnable position, in hopes that Hardee’s brigades would soon arrive, but General, Braxton Bragg, Hoke’s superior, had already telegraphed, Hardee and advised him to avoid Wilmington. Vastly outnumbered, Hoke decided to make a strategic withdrawal. broke open the tombs and scattered the bones, looking for jewelry and silver coffin plates; at which, time many of the gravestones were destroyed”. for great casualties—as at Battery Wagner near Charleston. The entire force was made up of North Carolina patriots except. results to North Carolina patriots in 1781: "when British forces under the command of Lord Cornwallis advanced toward the city, slaves flocked to the British lines, in hopes of gaining their freedom; they then assisted in the, plunder of nearby farms and plantations, and stood by, when the Redcoats finally captured Wilmington. Five Forks, Va., April 1, 1865. Transmit it to your children. Also destroyed was the ironclad Wilmington, nearly completed at Beery’s Shipyard on Eagles Island across, river from the city. In February 1865 drives were launched against Confederate forces from both sides of the Cape Fear River as the Union Army sought to control Wilmington. He aided Beauregard in bottling up Butler at. who distinguished himself in Lee's Army of Northern Virginia. The outbreak of war in 1861 found him managing his families, various manufacturing enterprises, which included a cotton mill, and iron-works. 17, 1863 for gallant service at Fredericksburg. A N.C. Highway Historical Marker will be dedicated to commemorate the Battle of Forks Road, June 19, 11 a.m., at the intersection of South 17th Street and Independence Boulevard in Wilmington. colonel of the 33rd North Carolina and colonel of the 21st. He was severely, wounded during General Jubal Early’s defense of Marye’s, Heights during the latter campaign. Battle of Five Forks. Incidents such as this had also brought disastrous. This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged. Several Northern gunboats grounded in the shallows of the Cape Fear River below Wilmington, and lighter craft were severely damaged or driven off by the strong artillery batteries Lee, Campbell, Meares and Davis just south of the city and effectively anchoring Hoke’s western flank. Creek, Nine Mile, Eagle's Island, and Forts Meares, Campbell, Lee and Stokes), on both sides all the way up to the, At both post-Fort Fisher defensive lines of Sugar Loaf and, later Forks Road, Hoke’s entrenchments were formidable, obstacles facing Northern commanders, and as he deployed, his veterans across the peninsula below Wilmington and, easily fought off repeated assaults, he is worthy of the title, “the Stonewall of Forks Road.” And it was only the success, of vastly overwhelming Northern forces on the western side, of the Cape Fear at Fort Anderson which forced Hoke to, General Hoke’s division consisted of four brigades commanded, by Brigadier General Alfred Colquitt (a future governor of, Georgia), Brigadier General Thomas L. Clingman (who was, convalescing, Col. William Devane in his place), Brigadier. Lee's dispatch stated: Piâ¦ General Robert F. Hoke and the Battle of Forks Road, February 20-21, 1865. The Union victory along the White Oak Road on March 31st threatened to destabilize the entire Confederate line west of Petersburg. exploit in capturing Plymouth and its garrison of 3000 Northerners, he was promoted major general by President Davis from April, 20, 1864. At Forks Road, the Northern gunboats were out of range and could not effectively support the attack of the USCT. He entered the Confederate military as a, lieutenant of the 1st North Carolina Volunteers, with which. Teach them too that the proudest day, in all your proud careers was that on which you enlisted, Captain Samuel A. Ashe said: “Hoke was Lee’s best, general and the most distinguished soldier in North Carolina.”, After the war General Hoke returned to private pursuits and, refused all political honors. Thus, “the Stonewall of Forks Road” led his veterans from their entrenchments and left the earthworks to the invader who had failed again and again to dislodge Hoke’s Confederates. Realizing further attacks, would be futile, the black troops “promptly erected a defensive, line” at the front while white Pennsylvania troops were, entrenched a half-mile to the rear. On 18 November, the usual flurry of patrols soon brought back information that the Japanese had set up a road block on both the Numa-Numa Trail and the East-West Trail. At both post-Fort Fisher defensive lines of Sugar Loaf and later Forks Road, Hoke’s entrenchments were formidable obstacles facing Northern commanders. Much of the Five Forks battlefield has been preserved by the National Park Service as part of the Petersburg National Battlefield Park. General William J. Hardee, Nathaniel C. Hughes, J., LSU Press, 1965, Remembering NC's Confederates, M. Hardy, Arcadia Publ'g, 2006, Hoke Smith, Dewey W. Grantham, LSU Press, 1958, General Robert F. Hoke and the Battle of Forks Road, February 20-21, 1865. ?>, Sign up for updates from the North Carolina History Project. Bragg was, concerned that the Wilmington railroad line was soon, to be severed, and directed Hardee from Florence on to, Bragg Orders Wilmington Evacuated: It was a one-sided battle though an Ohio, regiment sustained heavy casualties while advancing on. Hedrick with the 40th North Carolina Regiment; on his right was [Captain Abner] Mosely's [Sampson, Artillery] Battery of Whitworth guns, then came the light, artillery around this [St. Philips] Church, then Major, MacRae's Command, and on our extreme right, Colonel Simonton's Regiment and other South Carolina, troops, the whole command under General Johnson, Hagood...His headquarters were on the road to, The shelling of the fort was incessant from enemy monitors, and gunboats on the 18th and 19th of February which, destroyed many of the tombs around the Church. bronze bell of Saint Paul’s Episcopal Church of Edenton. After the evacuation of Fort Anderson on the west side of the river on February 19 by his subordinate, Brigadier General Johnson Hagood and his South Carolinians, Major General Robert F. Hoke knew he had to abandon his defensive position on the eastern side of the river at Sugar Loaf. Point Road (an extension of 12th Street). The Battle of Five Forks was fought at a rural road junction in Dinwiddie County, Virginia about 14 miles southwest of Petersburg. His father was a brilliant lawyer, orator and candidate for, governor in 1844. at Battery Wagner, near Charleston, in July 1863. These defensive stances earned Hoke the title, “The Stonewall of Forks Road,” as he deployed his veterans across the peninsula below Wilmington and easily repealed numerous assaults. General Robert F. Hoke and the Battle of Forks Road, February 20-21, 1865. of South Carolina) and his South Carolinians, Major General Robert F. Hoke had to abandon his. Both MacRae's are buried in Wilmington's Oakdale Cemetery. When Bragg learned of Northern forces approaching Wilmington and gaining a foothold on Eagles Island, he ordered Hoke to retreat and abandon Wilmington on February 22. he took part in the battle of Big Bethel. Home Â» Encyclopedia Entry Â» Battle of Forks Road, Written by North Carolina History Project. In a May 1st, 1900 address entitled "Defense of Fort Anderson, 1865," Capt. Following the Battle of Dinwiddie Court House on March 31, Pickett learned of reinforcements arriving from the Federal V Corpsand wanted to pull back to a position behind Hatcher's Run. Smith would become, Secretary of the Interior in Grover Cleveland's, On January 7, 1869 he married Lydia VanWyck and they, had six children, one of whom, Dr. Michael Hoke, became, a distinguished orthopedic surgeon in Atlanta. Â© 2016 John Locke Foundation | 200 West Morgan St., Raleigh, NC 27601, Voice: (919) 828-3876, //$i = get_field('photogallery2',get_the_ID()); The Battle of Five Forks broke the long siege of Petersburg, triggered the evacuation of Richmond, precipitated the Appomattox Campaign, and destroyed the careers and reputations of two generals. battles was Gabriel J. Boney, a private in the 3rd NC Artillery. This historical marker is listed in these topic lists: African Americans â¢ Industry & Commerce â¢ War, US Civil. However, General Braxton Bragg, Hoke’s superior, had already telegraphed Hardee and advised him to avoid Wilmington. A monument to the battle stands at that critical junction. for the South Carolinians of Hagood, and Georgians of Colquitt. commanders hesitant to use them in critical assaults. A lengthy review of the events of the final days of Robert E. Leeâs Army of Northern Virginia and the road to Appomattoxâ (Mark Silo, author of The 115th New York in the Civil War). Before departing the fort for their advance on Wilmington, Northern troops defaced the Church and removed, Author James Laurence Sprunt wrote that patriot, and Judge Parker Quince's "tomb though battered, by Northern shellfire and marred by vandals, [it] still, remains as one of the most imposing there..." Another, Northern cannonball "struck and demolished a s, "Here lies the body of Benjamin Smith, one time, When only 21 years old, Smith served as an aide, to General Washington in the retreat from Long Island, in August 1779, and performed his duty gallantly at, Fort Moultrie that same year while driving the, The Northern forces then caught up with the South Carolinians, at the brief battle of Town Creek, where 3000 troops, assaulted Hagood’s thin line of 450 in their new defensive, position. Although most of the Confederate earthworks have disappeared to the soil, the land around the five-way intersection mirrors its 1865 appearance. on May 27, 1837, son of Michael & Frances (Burton) Hoke. in Raleigh where he lived for many years. of Wilmington from both sides of the Cape Fear River. The Forks has only a few homesites available and will likely be sold out by year-end. "To advance through research, education and symposia, an increased public awareness of the Cape Fear region's unique history. Battle of Forks Road. Wilmington in order to hold the city until Hardee arrived. . Topics and series. Lee’s Modest Warrior, Robt F. Hoke, Daniel Barefoot, JF Blair,1996 On the east side of the river, 3000 of Hoke's men had, entrenched at Forks Road, about 4 miles southeast of, Wilmington and now the site of the Cameron Art, Museum. Eugene S. Martin described the action, "The fort proper was commanded by Colonel [Wilmingtonian. Southern soldiers, commanded by Maj. Gen. Robert F. Hoke, made one last stand in an effort to half the Federal army's determined advance. The USCT troops came no closer to Hoke’s breastworks than 150 yards. Thus, “the Stonewall of Forks Road” led, his veterans from their entrenchments, and left the, earthworks to the invader who failed again and again, to dislodge them. The Battle of Wyse Fork, also known as the Battle of Kinston, was a battle fought in the Carolinas Campaign of the American Civil War, resulting in a Union Army victory. General Lee ordered Bragg to abandon the city and set fire, to all tobacco, cotton and naval stores that could be used. Became, a private in the battle fought there in the battle of forks road 20-21,1865 from January Braxton Bragg Hoke... Georgians of Colquitt Road, Written by North Carolina patriots except to rank from January Fork the... Orator and candidate for, governor in 1844 Loaf and later Forks Road, February,... Wounded during General Jubal Early ’ s, Heights during the Civil enthusiasts... 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