hms vindictive 1919

As their airfield was not yet finished, the ship's flying-off deck was extended to 118 feet (36.0 m) to better allow the bombers to take off with their 112-pound (51 kg) bombs. She was reduced to reserve after the war and sold for scrap in 1946. HMS VINDICTIVE (2) – January 1919 to March 1920, UK out, Baltic including CMB raid on Kronstadt, grounding and salvage, UK Home Edited by Su Startin, Old Weather Transcriber, Exeter, England HMS Vindictive as aircraft carrier, 1918-23 (Photo Ships, click images to enlarge) [3], The main armament of the Hawkins-class cruisers consisted of seven 45-calibre 7.5 in (190 mm) Mk VI guns in pivot mounts. She ferried British troops to Narvik in late April and escorted an evacuation convoy from Harstad on 4 June. New 1/1250 scale waterline model of the British aircraft carrier HMS Vindictive by Spider Navy (SN 1-05) as in 1919. The vessel participated in the Zeebrugge Raid. The account of Sergeant Finch, of the Royal Marine Artillery, tells us that on the 22 and 23 of April 1918, Sergeant Finch was the second in command of the pom-pom and Lewis gun in the foretop of HMS Vindictive. She had a low priority so little work had been done by early October, when a less complex modernisation was considered. Aircraft Carrier, then returned to Cruiser, 1924. The hangar roof, with a small extension, formed the 106-foot (32 m) flying-off deck. [14] On 6 July she ran aground on a shoal near Reval at speed. (New Series), Ships of the Royal Navy: The Complete Record of all Fighting Ships of the Royal Navy, https://military.wikia.org/wiki/HMS_Vindictive_(1918)?oldid=4099270, Pages using duplicate arguments in template calls. Vindictivewas reduced to Reserve on 30 November, 1920. 2 7.5-inch gun was not installed and she retained her hangar in the forward superstructure. 67, 75; Lenton, p. 589, King George V's Silver Jubilee Fleet Review, http://www.britainsnavy.co.uk/Ships/HMS%20Vindictive/HMS%20Vindictive%20(1925)%20CC%205.htm, Ships of the Royal Navy: The Complete Record of all Fighting Ships of the Royal Navy, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=HMS_Vindictive_(1918)&oldid=986625169, Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War, World War II naval ships of the United Kingdom, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, 9,394 long tons (9,545 t) (light), 12,400 long tons (12,600 t) (. HMS Vindictive was a British Arrogant-class cruiser built at Chatham Dockyard. ... (1910-1919) - Duration: 1:35. By this time the threat from German cruisers and raiders had ended, so construction proceeded slowly. Fast and small, with 18 inch torpedoes in their stern, these new World War One Royal Navy ‘Coastal Motor Boats’ (CMB) were not the benign craft their name suggests. U-515 sank the accompanying destroyer tender Hecla and blew the stern off one of the escorting destroyers, Marne. Gardiner, Robert; Gray, Randal, eds (1984). [13], Vindictive was dispatched to the Baltic with a dozen aircraft, a mix of Griffins, Sopwith 2F.1 fighters, Sopwith 1½ Strutter and Short Type 184 bombers, on 2 July 1919 to participate in the British campaign in the Baltic in support of the White Russians and the newly independent Baltic states. [6], The Hawkins-class cruisers were protected with an armour that had a maximum thickness of 4 inches abreast the ships' magazines and a minimum thickness of 1.5 inches (38 mm). The turbines were designed to produce a total of 60,000 shaft horsepower (45,000 kW) for a speed of 30 knots (56 km/h; 35 mph). The Hawkins-class, HMS Hawkins (D86), 1942 is a rank V British cruiser with a battle rating of 5.3 (AB/RB/SB). Her first (and apparently only) deck landing did not take place until November. Second Supplement dated Wednesday 19 February 1919, page 2519. HMS Vindictive was a British Arrogant-class cruiser built at Chatham Dockyard. Vindictive returned home at the end of the year and was placed in reserve for several years before her flight decks were removed and she was reconverted back into a cruiser. VS showing the abandoned base, including scuttled ship lying on side in water. Aircraft Carrier, then returned to cruiser, 1924. [20], For the next several years the ship was either in reserve or used as a troop transport, until she began reconversion into a cruiser at Chatham Dockyard on 1 March 1923. [31] She was paid off into reserve on 8 September 1945 and was sold for scrap on 24 January 1946. Laid down on June 29, 1916, the HMS Cavendish was launched on January 17, 1918. HMS Vindictive oli Britannian kuninkaallisen laivaston vuonna 1918 valmistunut Hawkins-luokan raskaasta risteilijästä HMS Cavendishistä muutettu lentotukialus. Her armament was reduced to two 4.7 in (120 mm) guns. This proposal had six 6-inch guns and three 4-inch AA guns, and her former aft boiler room was to be converted from a laundry into an oil tank to extend her range, but this was rejected in favour of a conversion into a fleet repair ship. Cavendish was laid down at the Harland & Wolff shipyard in Belfast on 26 June 1916 and launched on 17 January 1918. In subsequent attacks on Kronstadt, they nearly hit Andrei Pervozvanny while she was in drydock, nearly hit a minesweeper, killing one crewman from the explosion, and hit two auxiliary ships. The aircraft were hoisted up through a hatch at the aft end of the flying-off deck by two derricks. [7], In January 1917, the Board of Admiralty reviewed the navy's aircraft carrier requirements and decided to order two ships fitted with a flying-off deck as well as a landing deck aft. [26] On the night of 12 November, she was attacked west of Gibraltar by the German submarine U-515, but managed to evade the torpedoes. On 6 July, she ran aground on a shoal near Reval at 15 kn (17 mph; 28 km/h) and after more than a week was towed clear by tugs and two other cruisers. The Admiralty had considered converting her to that configuration, with an island, in July 1918 while still building, but had decided to wait on the results of tests conducted with Argus evaluating different designs for the island. The flight decks were removed and Vindictive was reconfigured back to a cruiser in 1924. In 1939-1940 she was converted to a repair ship. Her armament was removed and her forward superstructure was extended over the former hangar's roof. But it’s not a story the official WW1 commemoration wants to highlight. Some 2,200 long tons (2,200 t) of stores were also off-loaded, but the ship could not be towed free by the combined efforts of the light cruisers Danae and Cleopatra and three tugboats. Accurate anti-aircraft fire kept the aircraft too high for an effective attack, but Donald's men claimed two hits on the submarine tender Pamiat Azova. [4] At maximum elevation these guns fired a 200-pound (91 kg) shell to a range of 21,114 yards (19,307 m). The fifth and last was ordered in April 1916. The hull form was unchanged from her cruiser design but a large hangar was added aft and a smaller hangar added forward. Website: www.naval-history.net Zeebrugge & Ostend Raids 1918. She was re-commissioned with special complement on 16 August, 1927. Steam for the turbines was provided by 12 Yarrow boilers; 8 of these were oil-fired while the remaining 4 used coal. Four ships were ordered, named after famous Elizabethan seafarers, in 1915 and the fifth and last was ordered in April 1916, named HMS Cavendish after the adventurer and circumnavigator Thomas Cavendish. With grateful thanks to the resources made available by www.naval-history.net. The decks had a maximum thickness of 1–1.5 in (25–38 mm) over the engine rooms, boilers, and the steering gear. Vindictive was thought to be too small to be an effective carrier and the financial restrictions in place after the war vitiated against such a major reconstruction. 65; Raven & Roberts, pp. Cyril Rudd. The major exception was that No. She was therefore redesigned with a hangar on the forecastle with capacity for six aircraft which could be hoisted through a hatch to the roof, which formed a flying-off deck. [17], She was paid off into reserve at Portsmouth Dockyard on 24 December[18] and received permanent repairs of her damage from the grounding, at a cost of £200,000. Photo of HMS Vindictive by Marc Ryckaert. My father, Bill Rodgers, served on HMS Vindictive from 21st of Dec 1941 until 25th of Feb 1945. Two men were arrested. [10], Friedman 2010, pp. In this role, she had a standard displacement of 10,060 long tons (10,220 t) (full load 12,250 long tons (12,450 t)) and an armament of six 4 in (100 mm) AA guns. By January 1944 she had received a Type 291 air warning radar. ... (British Warships 1914-1919) He was injured and declared physically unfit to serve on 21st of Sept 1945. HMS Vindictive (1897) - WikiMili, The Free Encyclopedia - WikiMili, The Free Encyclopedia. [23], In 1936–1937, Vindictive was demilitarised in accordance with the terms of the London Naval Treaty and converted to a training ship for cadets. HMS Vindictive was selected for use as the assault ship in the attack on Zeebrugge, and was to land the first wave of seamen storming parties and Royal Marines on the Mole. The Hawkins-class cruiser was designed to hunt enemy commerce raiders overseas. The ‘Great War’ was finally over. By December it was clear that the Whites' offensive against Petrograd had failed and the British began withdrawing; Vindictive left three Camels in Latvia, embarked the rest of her aircraft and sailed for home on 22 December. This was connected by a catwalk on the port side to a landing-on deck constructed abaft the funnels, while buffer nets prevented overruns that could have collided with the superstructure. Her damage from grounding required extensive repairs at Portsmouth Dockyard at a cost of £200,000. For the rest of the year she conducted flying trials and exercises, including those of the Port Victoria Grain Griffin reconnaissance aircraft, of which two were lost in accidents. From 1930-1933, she was recommissioned four times in order to make trooping voyages to Hong Kong, each round trip taking up to six months, and was then in reserve apart from appearing at the Silver Jubilee Naval Review at Spithead in July 1935. They also mounted two submerged tubes, one on each broadside, and four above-water tubes, two on each broadside, for 21-inch torpedoes. HMS Vindictive - 18 months (1944-45) Petty Officer. By November 1919 discontent had spread to the aircraft carrier 'Vindictive' (pictured, right) in Copenhagen. Vindictive returned home in 1944 and was damaged by a German torpedo off the coast of Normandy after the Allies invaded France. HMS Vindictive picks up a ditched aircraft, Baltic 1919, HMS Vindictive firing party for dead pilot, Baltic 1919. Following the promising flight trials aboard Furious in 1917, the Admiralty decided that Cavendish should be converted and completed as an experimental aircraft carrier. She paid off into reserve on 24 December 1919. Stuck hard in the tideless Baltic, all of her fuel was dumped overboard, and most of her ammunition as well. Two of these were mounted on a platform between the aft funnel and the mainmast and the third gun was positioned on the quarterdeck between the two 7.5-inch guns. [22] In July 1935 the ship was briefly sailed from her reserve mooring to join in the King George V's Silver Jubilee Fleet Review held on the 15th. In the Autumn of 1925 she became the first Royal Navy cruiser with aircraft catapult gear:[7] her first catapult launch was on 31 October. Most importantly, nine of them attacked Kronstadt during the night of 17/18 August 1919 to provide a diversion for an attack by the CMBs on ships in Kronstadt harbour. Vindictive completed her trials on 21 September 1918 (ahead of the four other Hawkins-class ships) and achieved a trial speed of 29.12 kn (33.51 mph; 53.93 km/h) with 63,600 shp (47,400 kW) of engine output. [24] She was recommissioned on 7 September 1937. But the truth is somewhat more complex and varied. Alukselle tehtiin sen uran aikana useampia muutoksia ja siten sen ura oli melko vaihteleva ennen lopullista romuttamista 1946. This diversionary raid distracted the defences and enabled Royal Navy Coastal Motor Boats to attack naval vessels in Kronstadt harbour. At the beginning of the Second World War she was converted into a repair ship. S he was converted into an aircraft carrier while still building. The only landing aboard the ship was made by William Wakefield on 1 November in the fleet's last operational Sopwith Pup. 1919 - Militarists and Mutineers Also published on the Workers' Liberty website. Leading Steward William Patrick Rodgers HMS Vindictive Royal Navy . Her two inboard propellers were removed as were the inboard turbines; half of her boilers were removed and their compartments were converted into accommodations. Originally designed as a Hawkins -class heavy cruiser and laid down under the name Cavendish, she was converted into an aircraft carrier while still building. 2 7.5-inch gun, two 3-inch guns and the conning tower were removed and the forward superstructure was remodelled into a 78 by 49 feet (23.8 by 14.9 m) hangar with a capacity for six reconnaissance aircraft. Following conversion back into a cruiser with a reduced aircraft capacity, she sailed from Chatham the Fifth Light Cruiser Squadron on the China Stationearly in 1926. This page was last edited on 2 November 2020, at 00:54. The design was also given high freeboard to allow it to maintain its speed in heavy weather. (Senior Naval Officer?) [8] A port side gangway 8 feet (2.4 m) wide connected the landing and flying-off decks to allow aircraft with their wings folded to be wheeled from one to the other. Used under license of Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported [1], The cruisers had an overall length of 605 feet (184.4 m), a beam of 65 feet (19.8 m), and a mean draught of 19 feet 3 inches (5.9 m) at deep load. She was laid down at the Belfast yard of Harland & Wolff in July 1916. The official 100th anniversary commemorations of World War One (WW1) mostly record a honourable, noble cause fought by happy, loyal, patriotic soldiers. She commissioned on 1 October and, after briefly working up, joined the Grand Fleet's Flying Squadron on 18 October only a few weeks before the A… Though six aircraft were allowed for, it was found that two fighters and six scout planes could be carried. This required a large ship to provide the necessary endurance for sustained operations away from supporting bases and high speed to catch the raiders. Read more Date of experience: March 2018 Four days later, Rear Admiral Walter Cowan ordered Donald and his aircraft to attack Kronstadt at night. 55, 404, Friedman 2010, p. 67; Lenton, pp. Her aft superstructure was extended to be flush with her sides and slightly lengthened, and a large deckhouse was built on the quarterdeck. From the summer of 1939-March 1940, Vindictive was converted once more, as a fleet repair ship, her seaplane crane and lecture spaces (easily convertible to machine shops) proving assets. The conversion was completed on 30 March 1940,[26] just in time for the ship to be used with the Home Fleet as a troop transport during the Norwegian Campaign. The S.N.O. She served in the Norwegian Campaign with the Home Fleet, then in July 1940 she transferred to Freetown, West Africa, serving in the South Atlantic until December 1942. Originally designed as a Hawkins class heavy cruiser and laid down under the name Cavendish. Vindictive remained in the area until December acting as a "mother ship" for aircraft and the CMBs. As a result, the torpedo boats damaged the battleship Andrei Pervozvanny and sank Pamiat Azova. 583–84; Raven & Roberts, p. 225, Friedman 2010, pp. She was then sent to the South Atlantic to support British ships serving there and, in late 1942, to the Mediterranean to support the ships there. The vessel participated in the Zeebrugge Raid. The conning tower and its communication tube were protected by the only Krupp cemented armour in the ships and had thicknesses of 3 inches and 2 inches (51 mm) respectively. During one period, the Vindictive sustained hits every few seconds. Vindictive completed her trials on 21 September 1918 (ahead of the four other Hawkins-class ships) and achieved a trial speed of 29.12 kn (33.51 mph; 53.93 km/h) with 63,600 shp (47,400 kW) of engine output. 2's position was occupied by a prototype compressed-air Carey aircraft catapult, the first British cruiser to mount a catapult. They were designed to displace 9,750 long tons (9,906 t) and had a complement of 37 officers and 672 enlisted men. A marine detachment was called in to disperse a group of seamen demanding leave. [12] Experiments conducted earlier aboard the larger Furious, with a similarly intact superstructure and funnels, had demonstrated that the turbulence from these was enough to make successful landings almost impossible at high speed. She paid off into reserve on 30 December 1929. (Photo by A. R. Coster/Topical Press Agency/Getty Images) In this form she displaced 9,100 long tons (9,200 t) and was capable of a maximum speed of 24 knots (44 km/h; 28 mph). Royal Navy, HMS Vindictive Date of death: 23/04/1918 (aged 23) Cemetery: DOVER (ST. JAMES'S) CEMETERY Son of Charles Henry and Lucy Mary Gilkerson, … Wakefield minimised the problem by approaching the landing deck at an angle with the ship slowly moving. 9,394 long tons (9,545 t) (light), 11,500 long tons (11,700 t) (deep load), 5,400 nmi (6,200 mi; 10,000 km) at 14 kn (16 mph; 26 km/h), 1,000 tons oil and coal fuel (normal), 800 tons coal and 1,500 tons oil (max), 2.5 to 1.5 in (64 to 38 mm) side (forward and aft). She also conducted catapult trials on float-equipped Fairey Flycatcher fighters. VS part of HMS Vindictive showing battered and torn red ensign. The ship was reduced to Reserve on 21 December, 1925. The work involved the removal of two sets of machinery and the after funnel, and the construction of deck-houses for accommodation and lecture spaces for 200 trainee officers. On 23 July 1929, she suffered an explosion in a gun at Chatham Dockyard in which one man was killed. [9], Although still overweight compared to her designed displacement, the modifications made the ship lighter than her sister ships, at 9,344 long tons (9,494 t) light displacement and a metacentric height of 3.59 feet (1.1 m). Vindictive was demilitarized and converted into a training ship in 1936–1937. The initial order had to be cancelled in April 1917 for lack of building facilities, so the Admiralty decided to convert Cavendish, already under construction, in June 1917. Her light AA armament had also been augmented by six Oerlikon 20 mm autocannon, three on each side of the roof of the large workshop abaft the funnel. She paid off to a C. & M. Party on 10 February, 1925.In that year, she became the first Royal navy ship with a catapult for launching aircraft, though by mid 1932, this would no longer be in place. Commissioned at Chatham on 20 August, 1928 with Fleet Air Arm Flight No. Her appearance still differed from that of her half-sisters in the Hawkins-class as she retained a large hangar as accommodation for four aircraft plus a lattice-type handling crane, and her main armament was six 7.5 in (190 mm) guns to their seven. [21], She sailed for the China Station on 1 January 1926 with six Fairey IIIDs aboard for anti-piracy patrols and departed for home on 14 March 1928. She paid off into reserve in June 1945 and was scrapped at Blyth in February 1946. Her first (and appa… She served on the China Station until August 1928, then joined the Atlantic Fleet. [29] In 1944 Vindictive was converted into a destroyer depot ship and her AA armament was reinforced by the addition of six more Oerlikons. Eight days after grounding a fortuitous westerly wind began that raised the water level by 8 inches (203 mm), just enough to pull the ship free. No. [18], After the Second World War began in August 1939, Vindictive was transferred to Devonport for a modernisation like that of her sister Effingham, with nine 6-inch (152 mm) guns, four twin-gun 4-inch (100 mm) mounts and a catapult. The catapult was then removed. [30] In 1945 she received an additional six Oerlikons. The ship retained her aircraft hangar and conducted trials with an aircraft catapult before she was sent to the China Station in 1926. Available NOW! Articles incorporating text from Wikipedia, Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War, World War II naval ships of the United Kingdom, What Were the British Earnings and Prices Then? Originally designed as a Hawkins-class heavy cruiser and laid down under the name Cavendish, she was converted into an aircraft carrier while still being built. HMS VINDICTIVE (1) – February 1914 to December 1916, UK-out, Mediterranean, South East Coast of America Station, North Russia. The Hawkins class was a class of five heavy cruisers of the Royal Navy designed in 1915 and constructed throughout the First World War.All ships were named after Elizabethan sea captains. Her first role after the conversion was completed in early 1940, however, was to transport troops during the Norwegian Campaign. By August 1943 she mounted a Type 286 target indication set as well as a Type 285 anti-aircraft gunnery radar. They had a stowage capacity of 800 long tons (810 t) of coal and 1,600 long tons (1,600 t) of fuel oil, giving her a range of 5,400 nautical miles (10,000 km; 6,200 mi) at a speed of 14 knots (26 km/h; 16 mph). She arrived in May and her catapult was removed in October, ending her career as an aviation ship. The design of the Hawkins-class cruisers was finalized in late 1915 and four ships were ordered in December of that year. The officer in command and Finch kept up a perpetual flow of fire. The principal concern was the major Bolshevik naval base at Kronstadt, which protected Petrograd. Placed on the dunes as a monument and there is an information plaque describing how significant HMS Vindictive's role was in the World War. The flight decks were removed and she was mostly restored to her designed configuration, although her 3-inch AA guns were replaced by three QF 4 inch Mk V AA guns. HMS Vindictive picks up a ditched aircraft, Baltic 1919 HMS Vindictive firing party for dead pilot, Baltic 1919 In July 1919, Vindictive was dispatched to the Baltic Sea with 12 aircraft to support the British activities in the Baltic in support of the White Russians and independent Baltic states. She was launched on 9 December 1897 and completed in 1899. HMS Vindictive was a Royal Navy warship built between 1916 and 1918. from HMS Vindictive at Biorke reported that on 14/8/19 Taylor died of a fractured skull at Kolvisto. In June she was renamed Vindictive, the fifth ship of that name in the RN, to perpetuate the name of the old protected cruiser Vindictive, which had distinguished herself in the Zeebrugge Raid of April 1918 and had then been sunk as a blockship at Ostend in May. Her armament, including the above-water torpedo tubes, was replaced by a pair of 4.7-inch (120 mm) guns forward and a quadruple QF 2-pounder ("pom-pom") AA mount aft. In June 1918, she was renamed Vindictive, since it was desired to perpetuate the name of the old Arrogant-class cruiser Vindictive which had distinguished herself in the Zeebrugge Raid of April 1918 and had been sunk as a blockship at Ostend in May.[3]. [27] Vindictive was transferred to the South Atlantic later in the year and remained there until late 1942, when she was ordered north. [15], The carrier unloaded her air group, commanded by Major Grahame Donald, at Koivisto, Finland on 14 July. Alukselle tehtiin sen uran aikana useampia muutoksia ja siten sen ura oli melko vaihteleva ennen lopullista romuttamista 1946. That same day eight RN Coastal Motor Boat (CMB)s arrived; Vindictive served as their depot ship. Later two stokers were caught trying to stop the fan engines. [6] She commissioned on 1 October and, after briefly working up, joined the Grand Fleet's Flying Squadron on 18 October only a few weeks before the Armistice on 11 November. [19] Furious and Vindictive had proven that the idea of "cruiser-carriers" was unworkable due to the turbulence from their superstructures and that a complete flight deck was necessary to successfully operate aircraft at sea. She was launched on 9 December 1897 and completed in 1899. A plane ditched alongside HMS Vindictive after returning from air raid, Baltic Sea, 1919 British forces denied the Bolsheviks the ability to move by sea, Royal Navy ships bombarded the Bolsheviks on land in support of Estonian and Latvian troops, and provided supplies. 444 embarked. In June the ship was renamed HMS Vindictive and was commissioned in October 1918. Her armament now consisted of six single 4-inch QF Mk V AA guns, all on the centreline, two quadruple "pom-pom" mounts, one on each side, and six depth charges. [16], Vindictive's aircraft continued to support British operations against the Bolsheviks until they left the Baltic in December, although no further missions were flown from the carrier. A large ship to provide the necessary endurance for sustained operations away from supporting bases and high speed catch... In May and her hangar converted into a repair ship new 1/1250 waterline. 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Reported that on 14/8/19 Taylor died of a fractured skull at Kolvisto evacuation convoy from Harstad 4... Year after her return in 1928, she suffered an explosion in a minefield cruiser to a! Hms Vindictive was demilitarized and converted into a repair ship somewhat more complex and varied Neuchâtel... Forward superstructure carrier while still building the accompanying destroyer tender Hecla and blew stern... Siten sen ura oli melko vaihteleva ennen lopullista romuttamista 1946 Shark attack '' 7.5 in ( 25–38 mm ) the! The engine rooms, boilers, and a large hangar was added aft and a deckhouse... Serviced the hangar were replaced by a single crane on the quarterdeck repair ship the! The China Station until August 1928, she suffered an explosion in a gun at Chatham Dockyard, setting on! At Blyth in February 1946 reconverted back to a cruiser in 1924 her ammunition as.... Firing party for dead pilot, Baltic 1919, Britain came close to cruiser! Hull form was unchanged from her cruiser design but a large deckhouse was built on starboard. Displace 9,750 long tons ( 9,545 t ) and had a maximum thickness 1–1.5... Aft end of the escorting destroyers, Marne the Norwegian Campaign on and... At Chatham Dockyard in which one man was killed in early 1940, however, was transport... Hard in the Mediterranean Fleet until 1944, when a less complex modernisation considered! On low-angle mounts intended for use against torpedo boats damaged the battleship Andrei Pervozvanny and Pamiat... Which protected Petrograd HMS Cavendish was launched on 9 December 1897 and completed 1899... Was provided by 12 Yarrow boilers ; 8 of these were oil-fired while the hms vindictive 1919...